新闻资讯
Daily maintenance of hydraulic system
- Categories:Company News
- Time of issue:2021-06-28
(Summary description)Knowledge of hydraulic system maintenance has many advantages and is widely used in various machinery. However, if the method of use and maintenance are improper, various failures may occur, which may even affect production.
Daily maintenance of hydraulic system
(Summary description)Knowledge of hydraulic system maintenance has many advantages and is widely used in various machinery. However, if the method of use and maintenance are improper, various failures may occur, which may even affect production.
- Categories:Company News
- Time of issue:2021-06-28 13:59
- Views:
Knowledge of hydraulic system maintenance has many advantages and is widely used in various machinery. However, if the method of use and maintenance are improper, various failures may occur, which may even affect production. Therefore, the correct use and maintenance are important factors to ensure the prolonged service life of the system, and to ensure stable, sensitive and reliable work. The main reason for the failure is analyzed below, and its protection method is proposed.
1. Prevent the pollution of hydraulic oil The pollution of hydraulic oil refers to the mixing of air, moisture and various solidified materials from the outside. If rusted metal powder is mixed in during use, it will destroy the sealing material, paint and other debris. Oil contamination will aggravate the abrasion between the relatively moving parts of the hydraulic components, causing blockage of the throttle orifice or jamming of the sliding valve motion range, making the hydraulic components unable to work normally. According to statistics, more than 75% of hydraulic system failures are caused by oil contamination. Therefore, various measures must be adopted to prevent or reduce oil contamination. The main methods to prevent oil contamination are:
① The pipes, castings, etc. must be thoroughly cleaned before installation, and the hydraulic system must be thoroughly cleaned after the final assembly;
②When assembling various hydraulic components, it is forbidden to wipe with fabrics with fibers (such as cotton yarn);
③The fuel tank should be properly sealed, and an air filter should be installed in the atmosphere;
④ The seal must be reliable, and it is forbidden to use oil-resistant seals and hoses;
⑤ Reasonably select the type and installation location of the filter. The system should be equipped with coarse and fine oil filters as required. The oil filter should be checked frequently, and if it is damaged, it should be replaced in time;
⑥Change the oil regularly, generally in cumulative work
After more than 10,000 hours, the oil should be changed. If it continues to be used, the oil will lose its lubricating properties and may appear acidic, which will cause corrosion of the metal parts in the hydraulic system. If used intermittently, the oil can be changed every six months or once a year according to the specific situation.
2. Prevent air from entering the hydraulic system. The oil used in the hydraulic system has very little compressibility. Under normal circumstances, the oil can be considered incompressible. But the compressibility of air is very large, about 10,000 times that of oil, so even if there is a small amount of air in the system, its influence is also great. The air dissolved in the oil will be removed from the oil at low pressure. When the liquid escapes, bubbles are generated, and cavities are formed. When the pressure reaches the high pressure zone, these bubbles are quickly broken under the action of the pressure oil, and are compressed sharply, causing noise in the system. At the same time, they will be released when the gas is suddenly compressed. A large amount of heat causes local overheating, accelerates the increase of oil temperature, and damages hydraulic components and hydraulic oil. The high compressibility of air can also cause malfunctions such as crawling of working organs, destroying the stability of work, and sometimes vibration.
The method to prevent air from entering the hydraulic system is:
①The oil suction pipe and the oil return pipe should be inserted below the oil level and kept at a sufficient depth;
②All parts of the system should be kept full of oil by installing a one-way valve at the outlet of the hydraulic pump and a back pressure valve on the oil return line;
③The oil level of the fuel tank should be as large as possible, and the suction side and the oil return side should be separated by a baffle to achieve the purpose of eliminating air bubbles;
④ Set up a vent hole at the highest point of the pipeline and hydraulic cylinder, and release the air in it when starting;
⑤ Good sealing of pipe joints should be maintained,
Especially the oil suction pipeline, if the seal is not good, the air will be sucked into the hydraulic system.
3. Prevent the oil temperature from being too high. The working temperature of the hydraulic system of construction machinery is generally within the range of 30 degrees to 80 degrees. Excessive oil temperature will have a series of adverse effects on the system, such as decreased viscosity, increased leakage, and volume. Decrease in efficiency, resulting in unstable hydraulic speed, changes in the gap between motion ranges with different thermal expansion coefficients, and even jams, which can cause oil deterioration, seal aging, and loss of sealing performance. There are many reasons for the increase in oil temperature, such as the volume of the fuel tank is too small, the heat dissipation area is not enough, the amount of oil stored in the tank is too small, the ambient temperature is high, and the cooler fails; there is no unloading circuit in the system, and the oil pump is still working when it stops working. In the high-pressure overflow; the tubing is too thin and too long, too much bending, too much pressure loss, component processing accuracy is not high, relatively moving parts friction and heating too much, etc. From the perspective of use and maintenance, the following issues should be paid attention to:
①Always maintain the correct oil level in the oil tank so that the oil has enough circulating cooling oil;
②Always keep sufficient water in the cooler and unblocked pipelines;
③When the system is not working, the oil pump must be unloaded;
④ Select the viscosity of the oil correctly.
4. Strengthen the daily inspection and regular inspection of the hydraulic system. Some major failures of the hydraulic system often occur beforehand. Through daily maintenance and inspection, they will be found early, prevented early, and eliminated the fault early.
①Check before starting the pump. Before starting the pump, pay attention to whether the fuel tank is full of oil. Add the fuel to the upper limit indicator of the fuel tank. Use a thermometer to measure the oil temperature. When the oil temperature is lower than 10 degrees, the system should be in a no-load state. Run down for more than 20 minutes.
② Pump start and check after start, start with start and stop method, repeat several times to increase the oil temperature, and the hydraulic device can operate flexibly before entering normal operation. At the same time, pay attention to the noise of the pump. If the noise is too loud, check the cause and eliminate it before normal operation can be carried out.
③Inspection during the working process of the system. When the system is stable, pay attention to the oil volume, oil temperature, pressure, noise, hydraulic cylinder, motor, reversing valve, and overflow valve at all times, and pay attention to the oil leakage and the entire system. vibration.
④After the system has been used for a period of time, if an abnormality occurs, if the external adjustment method cannot be eliminated, it can be disassembled for repair or replacement of parts. Complicated hydraulic components should be disassembled and repaired carefully, and it is best to go to a professional manufacturer for repairs.
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